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BPC 157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a pentadecapeptide made up of 15 amino acids. The amino acids sequence in BPC 157 is similar to a portion of the human BPC amino acid sequence. Human BPC is found in the gastric juice. Experiments have shown that BPC 157 enhances the healing of wounds, including tendons wounds such as transected Achilles tendons of rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the probable mechanism that BPC 157 utilizes to accelerate the healing process in an injured tendon. The study used two group of tendon explants of which one group was cultured in a BPC 157-containing medium while the other group was cultured in a medium lacking BPC 157. These cultures were thereafter examined for tendon fibroblasts outgrowths. Such outgrowths indicated tendon regeneration.
The results revealed that the explants’ outgrowth was significantly accelerated in the culture containing BPC 157 as compared to the culture lacking BPC 157. Also, a MTT assay did show that BPC 157 does not directly affect cellular proliferation in a culture of rat-derived Achilles tendon. However, results also showed that BPC 157 significantly increased the survival of cells under oxidative stress. Furthermore, the Transwell filter migration assay showed that BPC 157 significantly increased in-vitro fibroblast migration in a dose-dependent fashion. Moreover, BPC 157 accelerated the dispersal of the fibroblasts in culture dishes in a dose-dependent manner.
Additionally, FITC-phalloidin staining was able to demonstrate that BPC 157 induces F-actin formation in fibroblasts. Likewise, Western blot analysis was able to detect the production and activation of paxillin and FAK proteins. The western blot analysis also showed that BPC 157 increases the extent of phosphorylation of paxillin and FAK proteins without affecting the amounts produced.
Thus, it can be concluded that BPC 157 enhances the ex-vivo growth and in-vitro cellular migration of fibroblasts derived from rat tendon explants. Moreover, BPC 157 also increases the probability of a cell survival under oxidative stress. These actions of BPC 157 are probably mediated by the activation (through phosphorylation) of the proteinic FAK-paxillin pathway.
Medical and Veterinary Faculty University of Zagreb, Croatia.
The beneficial effect of BPC 157, a 15 amino acid peptide BPC fragment, on gastric and duodenal lesions induced by restraint stress, cysteamine and 96% ethanol in rats. A comparative study with H2 receptor antagonists, dopamine promotors and gut peptides.
The protection of stomach and duodenum in conjecture with anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated for a novel 15 amino acid peptide, coded BPC 157, a fragment of the recently discovered gastric juice peptide BPC. BPC 157 (i.p./i.g.) was investigated in rats in comparison with several reference standards in three experimental ulcer models (48 h-restraint stress, subcutaneous cysteamine, intragastrical 96% ethanol ulcer tests) (pre-/co-/post-treatment). Only BPC 157 regimens were consistently effective in all of the tested models. On the other hand, bromocriptine, amantadine, famotidine, cimetidine and somatostatin were ineffective (restraint stress). A dose-dependent protection (cysteamine) and/or partial positive effect (related to treatment conditions) (ethanol), was obtained with glucagon, NPY and secretin whereas CCK/26-30/was not effective. Based on Monastral blue studies BPC 157 beneficial effect appears to be related to a strong endothelial protection.
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